Erzurumlu İbrahim Hakkı

17 Aralık 2019 Fırat Yeni Asır 54

Önümüzdeki Perşembe akşamı Devlet Türk Müziği Korosu Konak AKM’de Tasavvuf Musikisi icra edecek. Solist Bora Uymaz, İbrahim Hakkı ilahileri sunacaktır.

İbrahim Hakkı(1703-1780) Erzurum Hasankale’de doğdu. İlk eğitim ve öğrenimini babasından aldı. Zeki idi ve yaşıtlarına göre çok çabuk öğrenip kavrıyordu. Erzurum’da tahsilini ilerletti. Bu arada şöhreti ve etkisi artmıştı. İstanbul’a geldi, Sultan I. Mahmut kendisini saraya davet etti ve saygı gösterdi. Saray kütüphanesinden faydalanmasına izin verdi. 1753’te Erzurum’a döndü. Eserlerini yazmaya başladı.

İbrahim Hakkı’nın Divanı ve çok sayıda eseri vardır. En meşhuru kitabı Marifetname‘dir. Bu kitap hemen her alandaki eski ve yeni bilgileri kaynaştırmaya çalışan ansiklopedik bir eserdir. Dini-tasavvufi bilgiler yanında; tıp, astronomi, coğrafya, sosyoloji ve psikoloji gibi çok farklı alanlarda malumat yer alır. Bugünkü tabiat bilimlerine göre onun yazdıkları bazen alay konusu yapılır Unutmamalı ki İbrahim Hakkı kendi devrindeki (18. yüzyıl) bilgi seviyesine göre kitabını yazmıştır.

Eserlerinde devamlı olarak ilmin önemine işaret eder. Güzel ahlakı, gönül bilgisini, ilahi aşkı, dini heyecanı işler ve öğütler. Bu konuda sözde kalmamış, yazdıklarını bizzat yaşamıştır. Az yemeyi, az uyumayı, cömertliği sadece tavsiye etmekle kalmamış, bunları kendisi bizzat uygulamıştır.

İLM-İ KIYAFET
İbrahim Hakı çok yönlü bir kimsedir. İlm-i kıyafetle de uğraşmıştır. Bu ilim, insanların yüz hatlarından ve dış görünüşünden hareketle, huyu ve karakteri hakkında kanaat sahibi olmayı sağlar. Şöyle bir olay anlatılır: Bir İstanbul seyahati sırasında yolda bir handa kalırlar. Hancı onlara çok iyi davranır, aşırı ikramda bulunur. Oysa İbrahim Hakkı’ya göre hancının fizyonomisi, vücut yapısı o iyi hallerine hiç uymamaktadır. O, bu çelişkili durum karşısında biraz şaşırmış, bu konuda bildiklerinden şüphe etmeye başlamış ve uykusu kaçmıştır.

Sabah ayrılırken hesap pusulasını görünce şaşırmışlar; hancı akla hayale sığmaz bir para istemiş. Arkadaşı, haksızlık olduğunu söyleyip direndikçe, o kuzu gibi hancı şirretleşip sertleşmiş, bambaşka bir adam olmuş. Durumu seyreden İbrahim Hakkı’nın ise neşesi yerine gelmiş ve arkadaşına: “Ağa ver, ne istiyorsa ver. Bu adam az kalsın bana bu konudaki eserimi yaktıracaktı” demiş.

İbrahim Hakı’nın türbesi Siirt-Tillo’da olup Doğu Anadolu’da en önemli ziyaret yerlerinden biridir. “Tefvizname” isimli uzun şiiri meşhurdur. Aynı zamanda ilahi olarak da bestelenmiş olan bu şiirden 2 kıt’a şöyledir:

“Hak şerleri hayreyler/ Zannetme ki gayreyler/ Arif anı seyreyler/ Mevla görelim neyler Neylerse güzel eyler.
Hiç kimseye hor bakma/ İncitme gönül yakma/ Sen nefsine yan çıkma/ Mevla görelim neyler Neylerse güzel eyler.”

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