Gönül gözü açık bir vardı, gündüzleri eline bir fener alıp öyle dolaşırdı. Bunu gören bir kimse:
-Be adam kendine gel, deli mi oldun, böyle gündüz vakti kandille dolaşılır mı? dedi.
Fenerle dolaşan zat gülerek şöyle cevap verdi:
-Elimdeki bu fenerle insan arıyorum, diye konuştu. Soran kimse:
-Baksana şu pazar yeri, sokaklar hep adamla dolu, deyince bizimki şöyle cevap verdi:
-İşte ben bunlar arasında öfke ve hırs zamanında öfkesini yenen, arzu ve isteklerine yenilmeyen bir adam arıyorum, dedi.
Bunu duyan karşısındaki:
-Nadir bulunan bir şey arıyorsun, var aramaya devam et, dedi. (Mesnevi. C. V, beyit: 2887-2895)
Bu bir Mesnevi hikayesidir. Mesnevi’deki hikayelerin kaynakları çeşitlidir. Birçoğu Kelile ve Dimne’den alınmadır. Bunun yanında bir bakıma insanlığın ortak kültür ürünü olan hikayelere de yer verilmiştir. Aslında Hz. Mevlana’nın amacı hikaye anlatmak değildir. Maksadı hikayeler yoluyla kendi mesajını, tasavvufi hikmetleri aktarmaktır.
DİYOJEN
Bu olay Diyojen adlı bilge kişiye aittir. Sinop’ta doğan bu ünlü düşünür, insanın aşırı arzu ve isteklerine, nefsine hâkim olmasını telkin eden biridir. İslam tasavvufu da bunun peşindedir. Diyojen, bir fıçının içinde yaşamaktaydı. Tek mal varlığı da tahta su çanağı olan filozof, bir gün eliyle su içen bir çocuğu görünce tahta çanağını da fırlatıp atmıştır.
Onun şu olayı çok meşhurdur: Bir gün Diyojen fıçısında güneşlenirken, onun namını çok uzak diyarlardan duyan, tarihin en başarılı savaşçılarından biri olan Büyük İskender yanına gelir. Fakat Diyojen’de hiçbir kıpırdama yoktur. Aksine yerine daha iyi yerleşip güneşi içinde hissetmeye çalışıyormuş. Büyük İskender, bu duruma biraz bozulursa da belli etmek istemez. Diyojen’e, “Dile benden ne dilersen?” der. Güneşine mani olan İskender’e söyle bir bakan Diyojen, o meşhur sözünü söyler: “Gölge etme başka ihsan istemem!”
İskender, çok kızmakla birlikte ona bu davranışının sebebini sorar. Diyojen: “Senin bana ne yardımın olabilir ki?” der. Ve şöyle devam eder: “Ben bütün isteklerine karşı koyarak nefsimi kendime esir ettim. Sen ise servetin, saltanatın yani nefsinin istekleri ardında koşuyorsun ve onun kölesisin. Dolayısıyla sen benim kölemin kölesi durumundasın.”
NEFİS EĞİTİMİ
Hz. Mevlana’ya göre de insanın olgunlaşması ve manevi gelişmesi nefsin kontrolü ile mümkün olur. “Nefs” demek, kısaca içgüdülerin, aşırı ihtirasların, zaafların, bencilliklerin, kendini beğenmişliğin, kıskançlık ve çekememezliğin odaklandığı yer demektir. Olgunlaşmanın yolu nefsin eğitimiyle başlar. Manen yükselmek, ruh selametine ermek için kişinin nefsine hakim olması ve kendini görmekten vazgeçmesi gerekir. Kendini görmemek kişiliksiz ve pasif olmak demek değildir. Nefsini yendikten sonra, kendini yeniden inşa etmek, olgun bir kişiliğe bürünmektir.
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