Bu köşede İzmir’deki tasavvuf kurumlarına ışık tutmak üzere yola çıkmıştık. Emir Sultan Rifai Dergahına dair bilgiler verdik.
Tasavvuf kurumlarında, özellikle tekkelerin kapatılmasından (1925) sonraki dönemlerde bir içe kapanma oldu. Ciddi bir kesinti yaşandı, tasavvuf geleneği ve tekke kültürü devam ettirilemedi. Bu konuya dair yazılı malzemeler ve tarikat şecerelerinin çoğu kayboldu. O yüzden bilgilerimiz sınırlıdır.
Bu meseleyi araştırırken meşhur bir iş adamına ulaştım. Rifai torunu olduğunu söyledi, ama işe yarar bilgi veremedi, çünkü fazla malumata sahip değildi. Yasaklı yılların etkisiyle ona da bir şey öğretilmemişti.
Bu saatten sonra hayıflanmanın bir anlamı yoktur. İyisiyle, kötüsüyle o dönemler de bizim tarihimizin bir parçasıdır. Özellikle tasavvuf inanışı bu gibi konulara “Olanda hayır vardır” inanışıyla bakar.
Tasavvuf düşüncesi bizim kültürümüzün önemli bir unsurudur. Ayrıca mistisizm bütün dünyada “yükselen değerler”den olarak görülüyor. Ben de İzmir ölçeğinde tasavvuf kurumlarının yakın geçmişine ışık tutmak istiyorum.
İzmir Emir Sultan Rifai dergahı üzerinde duruyorduk. Ne yazık ki henüz düzgün bir kronoloji ve şeyhler zinciri bilgisi çıkarabilmiş değilim. Yukarda sözünü ettiğim uzun kesinti döneminin bunda rolü büyüktür. Acaba bu mekan ne zamandan itibaren Rifai dergahı oldu, şimdilik bilemiyoruz.
Şifahi bilgilere göre bu dergahın Manisa Rifai tekkesiyle ilgisi vardır. Yani şeyhlerinin Manisa’dan tayin edildiği söylenir. Şu vesikalar bu görüşü destekleyebilir:
1- “İzmir’de Türk Mührü” kitabı Emir Sultan’daki mezar kitabelerini inceler. Kabir taşlarından biri Manisalı Ali Rıza Baba’ya (ö.1885) aittir. “Bu dergah-ı şerifin postnişini” yani şeyhi diye yazar. Kabir taşının tepeliği Rifai tacı şeklindedir (s.198).
2- Bursalı M. Şemseddin Mısri’nin (1866-1936) seyahat anıları yayımlandı: Niyazi-i Mısri’nin İzinde Bir Ömür Seyahat (Dergâh yayını). Bu zat Urla’daki kardeşini ziyaret için 1927 ve 28’de bu bölgeye gelir. Geliş gidişlerinde İzmir’de bir süre kalır. Tanıştığı şeyhlerin tek tek isimlerini yazar. İzmir Emir Sultan şeyhlerinden üçünü sayar. Bunlardan biri: “İzmir’de tarik-ı Rifaiyye’den Emir Sultan Şeyhinin şeyhi Manisalı Hacı Hasan Efendi yetmişlik vardı” (s.226).
3- Manisa’da söz konusu edilen dergah hakkında Necdet Okumuş imzalı bir kitap çıktı: Manisa Rifai Dergahı, Entekkeliler. Buranın şeyhlerinden Hasan Rüşdi Efendi’nin (1834-1919) halifelerinden üçü Emir Sultan’da gömülü olarak gösterilir. Bunlar:
Seyyid Ali Dede: İzmir’de Emir Sultan Türbesi’nde medfun. Seyyid Hüseyin Cemal: İzmir’de Emir Sultan Tekkesi’nin postnişini. Seyyid Mehmet Nuri: İzmir’de Emir Sultan tekkesinde Medfun.(s.36)
Bu bilgiler Emir Sultan Rifai dergahı şeyhlerinin Manisa’yla alakasını göstermektedir. Manisa Entekkeliler Rifai Dergahı daha şanslıdır. Çünkü korunmuş, restore edilmiş ve günümüze kadar gelmiştir. Bir sonraki yazıda oradan söz edeceğim.
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